Basics of Computer Networking
A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that share resources and information.These devices can include computers, servers, printers, and other hardware.Networks allow for the efficient exchange of data, enabling various applications such as email,file sharing, and internet browsing.
This 25 minute video will help explain the basics:
Basic Terminologies of Computer Networks
- Network:A network is a collection of computers and devices that are connected together to enable communication and data exchange.
- Nodes: Nodes are devices that are connected to a network. These can include computers, servers, printers, Routers, Switches, and other devices.
- Protocol: A protocol is a set of rules and standards that govern how data is transmitted over a network. Examples of protocols include TCP/IP, HTTP,and FTP.
- Topology: Network topology refers to the physical and logical arrangement of nodes on a network. The common network topologies include bus, star, ring, mesh, and tree.
- Service Provider Networks: These types of networks allow users to lease network capacity and functionality from a provider.Service Provider Networks include wireless communications, data carriers, etc.
- IP Address: An IP address is a unique numerical identifier assigned to every device on a network. IP addresses are used to identify devices and enable communication between them.
- DNS: The Domain Name System (DNS) is a protocol used to translate human-readable domain names (such as www.google.com) into IP addresses that computers can understand.
- Firewall: A firewall is a security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic. Firewalls protect networks from unauthorized access and other security threats.
How Does a Computer Network Work?
Basic building blocks of a computer network are nodes and links. A network node can be equipment for data communication (like a modem or router) or a data terminal (like a computer).Links can be defined as wires, cables,or wireless communication mediums.The working of computer networks can be simply defined as protocols that help in sending and receiving data.Each device has an IP address, which helps identify the device within the network.
What Do Computer Networks Do?
Computer networks were first developed in the 1950s for military and defense purposes.At that time, they primarily used telephone lines for limited data transfer in business or science.Today, computer networks are essential in business. Modern networks do more than just connect devices—they enable digital transformation, automation, and security, making them critical to business success.Modern computer networks can:
- Work Virtually:The physical network can be divided into smaller virtual networks.These allow devices to send data through multiple physical routes, like many business networks use today Connect on a Large Scale: Modern networks link smaller networks into one large system.Automation and monitoring tools allow networks to grow or shrink based on demand.
- Adapt Quickly: Software-defined networks enable changes via a digital dashboard, simplifying traffic management
- Keep Data Secure: Built-in security features like encryption and access control protect data. Additional protections such as antivirus software, firewalls, and malware protection further strengthen security.